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Monetary policy

Summary​

  • Block subsidy starts at 6.25 ZMR.
  • The subsidy halves every 1,680,000 blocks, about 4 years at 75 seconds per block.
  • Total supply approaches 20,999,993.5652 ZMR.
  • There is no tail emission. Once the subsidy reaches zero, miners are paid by fees alone.
  • There was no premine and there is no dev fund.

Halving schedule​

EraBlocksSubsidy per blockIssued in eraCumulative (approx.)
10 to 1,679,9996.25 ZMR10,500,000 ZMR10,500,000 ZMR
21,680,000 to 3,359,9993.125 ZMR5,250,000 ZMR15,750,000 ZMR
33,360,000 to 5,039,9991.5625 ZMR2,625,000 ZMR18,375,000 ZMR
45,040,000 to 6,719,9990.78125 ZMR1,312,500 ZMR19,687,500 ZMR
56,720,000 to 8,399,9990.390625 ZMR656,250 ZMR20,343,750 ZMR

Halvings continue until the subsidy rounds down to zero.

TODO

The era table is a simple calculation from the confirmed parameters. Confirm block heights, whether genesis pays a subsidy, and any slow-start, against the specification. The confirmed cap is 20,999,993.5652 ZMR; the table’s cumulative figures are approximate and do not account for those details.

Where the subsidy goes​

Until the first halving, each block’s subsidy splits:

RecipientSharePer block
Miner97%6.0625 ZMR
Founder stream3%0.1875 ZMR

From the first halving onward, miners receive the whole subsidy. Miners also receive all transaction fees in every era.

See Founder stream.